Guide reading: Copper Bar refers to the extrusion or drawn from solid copper bar. There are many kinds of copper bar, including copper bar, brass bar, white copper bar and Bronze Bar, etc. . Copper Rod Molding has its own principles. Copper Bar molding process can also be said to be copper bar production process. And different kinds of copper bar, there will be different molding process, with different characteristics. So today, the main small series of detailed introduction under the "copper bar molding process and flow. ".

1.What is the material of copper bar and copper bar? Copper bar materials include H59, H59-1, H59-2, H59-3, H60-2, H62, H63, H65, H68, H70, H80, H90; C1100, C1020, C2680, C2800, C2600, C2801, C5191, C5210, C2200, C7521, C7541, C17200, C1070, C7701, QSn6.5-0.1, QSn8-0.3, QSn4-0.3, BZn18-18, BZn15-20, CuBe2, etc. . Before we introduce the process and flow of copper rod forming, what are the metal forming processes? 1. Solidification of metals is traditionally called casting. Casting is a process in which molten metal is poured, injected or sucked into a mold cavity and allowed to solidify to obtain a certain shape and properties. 2. Metal plastic forming is to make use of the plastic deformation ability of metal materials, the process of producing a part or blank with certain shape, size, and mechanical properties by means of the expected plastic deformation of the metal material under the action of an external force. Its process can be divided into free forging, die forging, sheet metal stamping, extrusion, pressing and other engineering properties of commonly used metal forgeability expression. The forgeability is usually measured by the plasticity and deformation resistance of the metal. High plasticity, deformation resistance, the forging is good; otherwise, the forging is poor. 3. Metal welding forming process. Welding is by heating or pressure or both, and with or without filler materials, metal materials to achieve atomic bonding of a forming method. Commonly classified as fusion welding, pressure welding, brazing. What are the copper bar molding processes? There are many copper bar forming processes, including extrusion, rolling, continuous casting, drawing and so on. Copper Bar Molding process flow? There are three kinds of copper bar forming process, pressing-(rolling)-drawing-(annealing)-finishing-finished products. 2. Continuous casting (drawing, horizontal or wheel, crawler, impregnation)-(rolling)-drawing-(annealing)-finishing-finished products 3. Continuous extrusion-drawing-(annealing)-finishing-finished

2.EXTRUSION OF COPPER ROD forming process? 1. Types of extrusion: extrusion is divided into forward extrusion, backward extrusion and special extrusion three kinds. (1) forward extrusion: refers to the extrusion of the product in the same direction as the extrusion force. (2) backward extrusion: the direction of extrusion is opposite to the direction of extrusion force. (3) special extrusion: refers to hydrostatic extrusion and other extrusion methods. 2, extrusion characteristics: (1) forward extrusion characteristics: which forward extrusion equipment is simple, the most widely used. (2) the feature of the Directional extrusion: The reverse extrusion can increase the life of the tool, because the friction between the billet and the extrusion barrel is reduced and the extrusion force is reduced. (3) special extrusion characteristics: the special extrusion is mainly used for the extrusion of special products (fig.) .

3. Points for attention in extrusion: during the process of extrusion, the billet is subjected to three-dimensional compressive stress in the extrusion barrel, and can bear a large amount of deformation; Reasonable design of die and selection of extrusion process parameters. Including the ingot specifications, extrusion ratio, extrusion temperature, extrusion speed and so on. In order to ensure and improve the surface quality of the extruded products, the copper alloy is usually extruded by peeling in order to eliminate the defects on the INGOT surface. For precipitation-strengthened Alloy, water-seal extrusion method can be adopted to realize solution treatment before cold deformation in extrusion process. All copper net experts said that the common alloy through the water seal extrusion can reduce the surface oxidation products, products to avoid pickling. Horizontal forward extrusion is the most traditional and popular method of extrusion. The main problem when extruding pipes is the two hearts of the pipes. Reverse extrusion can not only reduce the degree of ECCENTRICITY, but also can extrude long ingot and increase the rate of finished product. Vertical extrusion is the least eccentric, but the length of extruded products is limited. Continuous extrusion process short, heavy volume, can produce large-length products: especially suitable for the production of cross-section products: product yield, up to 90-95% : metal consumption, low energy consumption, equipment investment, small footprint, convenient for continuous production, and environmental protection. With the breakthrough of continuous extrusion technology in product width, the method is in the development and application stage in the production of oxygen-free copper and pure copper strip. The main problem of this method is the short die life. How to improve die design and improve die material life need to be resolved. ROLLING OF COPPER BAR FORMING PROCESS? There are three kinds of copper bar rolling: Pass Rolling, Spinning Rolling and Planetary Rolling.

3.Stretch of copper rod forming process? 1. Definition of drawing: drawing is a pressure processing method to change the shape and size of a blank by applying tension through a die hole. It is also a key process to produce finished products of copper bar wires. 2, drawing characteristics: through this process, the product shape, size meet the requirements, with high dimensional accuracy, good Surface finish and so on. 3. Wire Rod stretching is reducing stretching: the stretching of pipe is divided into expanding stretching, reducing stretching and reducing stretching, reducing wall stretching. The core forms of tube stretching include fixed core head, floating core head and long core Rod. Several main drawing methods are shown in the schematic diagram

When the floating core is stretched, the force balance established by the shape of the core keeps it stable in the deformation zone. This method is suitable for the production of long pipes and coils because of its large pass elongation coefficient, large diameter reduction and large wall reduction. The fixed core head drawing needs the core rod to keep the core head in the deformation zone stably, which is mainly used in the production of short straight pipe. The usual drawing equipment includes chain drawing machine, disc drawing machine, hydraulic drawing machine and combined drawing machine. Chain drawing machine is mainly used for drawing straight products, there are single-chain, double-chain and single-wire, multi-wire drawing machine. Disc stretching machine is mainly used for the production of medium and small diameter discs: The combined stretching machine is mainly used for the production of small size products from discs to fixed length strips, which can also realize the stretching, straightening, surface polishing, fixed length shearing of the products, etc. , direct production of finished products. Heat treatment of copper rod forming process? The heat treatment of tube-rod profile is mainly intermediate annealing and finished annealing. The annealing system is made according to the properties of the alloy, the state of the product and the requirements of the properties. The bell-type furnace, roller hearth furnace and chain-type furnace with special atmosphere are widely used in the heat treatment of tube-bar profiles. At the same time, the circulation of atmosphere is strengthened to ensure the uniform atmosphere and bright surface of products. The through induction furnace is mainly used for the middle annealing of the smooth tubes of the air-conditioning tubes with internal thread. It is a process of annealing the tubes after the coils are unrolled and then the coils are round again, thus realizing the continuous annealing from the "basket" to the "basket" . This equipment not only has the gas protection, but also has the pipe material inner purging cleaning system. In the heat treatment of bar profiles, there are quenching and aging heat treatment. It is mainly used for heat treatment of alloy with aging strengthening property to improve the strength and comprehensive properties of the material. The quenching of extruded products is usually accomplished by water sealing the extrusion outlet, while the drawn products require a special quenching furnace. Five, copper bar molding process finishing? The finishing of copper alloy tube and bar wire mainly includes cutting head and tail (fixed length) , straightening, surface treatment and so on. According to the specifications and requirements of the products, cutting head and tail of the products can be sawed and cut by two methods. High-precision, large-size products are generally sawing. Straightness is an important quality index of tube and bar products. Roller Straightener, pressure Straightener, sine straightener and tension straightener are commonly used for tube and bar section, and roller straightener is the most widely used. Roller straightening machine is a product through different roll shape after repeated bending to achieve the goal of straightening. The tension leveler is used for straightening special profiles by applying reverse tension on both ends of the product to make the product slightly deformed. The elongation reaches 1-3% . Pressure straightening machine is generally used for large or super-large size bars, profiles and large-wall thick tube straightening. SINUSOIDAL straightening is mainly used to straighten small diameter pipes and bars by repeated bending with sinusoidal straightening rollers. In order to ensure the clean and bright surface of the finished product, the surface of the product (including the inner surface of the pipe) needs to be treated, there are two kinds of manual treatment and automatic treatment. Manual treatment is mainly by the operator on the surface of the tube bar oil stains, dirt swabbing (including the use of Compressed air to play cotton balls inside the Tube) : automatic treatment is mainly through the solution of the tube bar cleaning agent in the liquid (including the tube blowing) , drying and other treatment. PRINCIPLE OF COPPER BAR forming process? 1. All the elements without exception reduce the conductivity and thermal conductivity of the copper Rod. The solid solution of every element in the copper rod results in the lattice distortion of the Copper Rod, which causes the wave scattering of the free electrons flowing directionally and increases the resistivity, on the contrary, the elements with little or no solid solubility in the copper rod have little effect on the conductivity and heat conduction of the Copper Rod. It should be noted that the solid solubility of some elements in the copper rod decreases sharply as the temperature decreases, it is an important alloying principle for the study of high strength and high conductivity alloys to separate out simple materials and metal compounds, which can not only strengthen copper bar alloys by solid solution and dispersion, but also reduce their electrical conductivity little, it should be specially pointed out that the alloy composed of iron, silicon, chromium and chromium is a very important high-strength and high-conductivity alloy, among them, the cocr-zr Alloy is a famous high strength and high conductivity alloy. 2. The microstructure of the copper-based corrosion-resistant Alloy should be single phase to avoid the electrochemical corrosion caused by the second phase in the alloy. For this reason, the alloy elements added should have a great solid solubility in the copper Rod, even the elements that are infinitely miscible. The single-phase Brass Rod, bronze Rod and Cupronickel Rod used in engineering have excellent corrosion resistance, is an important heat exchange material. 3. There are both soft phase and hard phase in the microstructure of copper-base wear-resistant Alloy, so it is necessary to ensure that the added elements not only dissolve in solid solution, but also precipitate hard phase. The typical hard phases in copper-base wear-resistant alloy are Ni3si and FEALSI compounds, etc. , phase a should not exceed 10% . 4. Cu-rod alloys with polycrystalline transformation in solid state have damping properties, such as Cu-Mn alloys, and alloys with thermoelastic martensite transformation in solid state have memory properties, such as Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-Al-Mn alloys. 5. The color of the copper rod can be changed by adding alloy elements, such as zinc, aluminum, tin, nickel and so on. As the content changes, the color also changes from red to blue to yellow to white, gold-like materials and silver-like alloys can be obtained by controlling the content reasonably. 6. alloying of copper rods and alloys with selected elements. 

Source: Tongxinbao